@article{Iannetti_Calistri_Di Serafino_Marotta_Alessiani_Antoci_Neri_Perilli_Iannitto_Iannetti_Migliorati_Di Giannatale_2020, title={Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli: prevalence, contamination levels, genetic diversity and antibiotic resistance in Italy}, volume={56}, url={https://veterinariaitaliana.izs.it/index.php/VetIt/article/view/1819}, DOI={10.12834/VetIt.1819.9596}, abstractNote={<p><span class="fontstyle0">A research was carried out in Italy with the aim of assessing </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Campylobacter </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">contamination in broilers from breeding to slaughter, of defining the genetic diversity of isolates and their antibiotic resistance. Sampling was carried out in a slaughterhouse, and in farms representative of the most common broiler production in Italy. At farm, the 78.8% (95% C.I.: 74.5%‑82.5%) of cloacal samples tested positive for </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Campylobacter </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">spp. </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">C. jejuni </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">showed higher prevalence in winter than in spring and summer (p < 0.00001, χ</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="font-size: 5pt;">2 </span><span class="fontstyle0">= 32.9), while </span><span class="fontstyle2"><em>C. coli</em><br></span><span class="fontstyle0">showed an opposite trend (p < 0.00001, χ</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="font-size: 5pt;">2</span><span class="fontstyle0">= 41.1). At slaughterhouse, the 32.3% (95% C.I.: 30.2%‑35.2%) and the 23.9% (95% C.I.: 21.7%‑26.3%) of skin samples tested positive for </span><span class="fontstyle2"><em>C. jejuni</em> </span><span class="fontstyle0">for </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">C. coli</span></em><span class="fontstyle0">, respectively. </span><span class="fontstyle2"><em>C. coli</em> </span><span class="fontstyle0">showed higher prevalence than </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">C. jejuni </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">at washing (p < 0.05, χ</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="font-size: 5pt;">2 </span><span class="fontstyle0">= 11.11) and at chilling (p < 0.05, χ</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="font-size: 5pt;">2 </span><span class="fontstyle0">= 9.26). PFGE revealed high heterogeneity among isolates. Some clones were identified within the same farm in more than one season, suggesting environmental conditions able to support their persistence; other clones resulted to be spatially distant, suggestive of cross‑contamination. Both </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Campylobacter </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">species showed high resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin, while resistance to erythromycin was more frequent in </span><span class="fontstyle2"><em>C. coli</em> </span><span class="fontstyle0">than </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">C. jejuni </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">(p < 0.05; χ</span><span class="fontstyle0" style="font-size: 5pt;">2 </span><span class="fontstyle0">test)</span><em>.<br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"></em></p>}, number={1}, journal={Veterinaria Italiana}, author={Iannetti, Simona and Calistri, Paolo and Di Serafino, Gabriella and Marotta, Francesca and Alessiani, Alessandra and Antoci, Salvatore and Neri, Diana and Perilli, Margherita and Iannitto, Giorgio and Iannetti, Luigi and Migliorati, Giacomo and Di Giannatale, Elisabetta}, year={2020}, month={Apr.}, pages={23–34} }