When the diagnosis of parvovirus in dogs and cats becomes challenging

Authors

  • Maria Luisa Marenzoni Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
  • Monica Momesso Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
  • Maria Chiara Marchesi Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
  • Elisabetta Manuali Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Umbria and Marche, via Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
  • Silvia Pavone Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Umbria and Marche, via Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
  • Elisa Sgariglia Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
  • Elena Tordo Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
  • Francesco Vescera Private Practitioner, Central Italy, via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
  • Giuseppe De Nicola Private Practitioner, Central Italy, via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
  • Valentina Stefanetti Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
  • Chiara Brachelente Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12834/VetIt.1415.7682.1

Keywords:

Cat, Diagnosis, Dog, Misdiagnosis, Parvovirus infection, PCR

Abstract

Parvoviruses (PV) can cause outbreaks with high morbidity and mortality in dogs and cats. Even if typical cases exist in puppies and kittens, PV infection (PVI) can have many different clinical presentations, making the laboratory support necessary. The aim of this work was to evaluate retrospectively the frequency of misdiagnoses, particularly missed diagnoses, of PVI in 144 suspected cases (88 clinical cases and 56 necropsies) involving 96 dogs and 48 cats. A nested PCR test was chosen as the gold standard. An index of diagnostic suspicion (IDS) for PVI, based on parameters reported upon submittal of the samples, was introduced to classify the initial diagnoses issued by veterinarians. The agreement between the IDS of PVI and PCR results was calculated. The effect of species, age and clinical versus necroscopic presentation was evaluated by logistic regression. In 63.6% of the cases, the IDS was confirmed by the PCR, whereas in 36.4% there was a missed diagnosis or a diagnosis wrongly attributed to PVI. More accurate results were obtained for dogs, animals aged < 1 year, and necropsies. Parvovirus infection should be better investigated in patients with atypical or few clinical signs, in particular in cats and animals over 1 year old.
 

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Published

2021-01-04

How to Cite

Marenzoni, M. L., Momesso, M., Marchesi, M. C., Manuali, E., Pavone, S., Sgariglia, E., Tordo, E., Vescera, F., De Nicola, G., Stefanetti, V., & Brachelente, C. (2021). When the diagnosis of parvovirus in dogs and cats becomes challenging. Veterinaria Italiana, 56(2). https://doi.org/10.12834/VetIt.1415.7682.1

Issue

Vol. 56 No. 2 (2020)

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