Evaluation of serological responses in horses challenged with Burkholderia pseudomallei using current diagnostic tests for glanders
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12834/VetIt.1701.9026.2Keywords:
Haematology, Inoculum, Melioidosis, Serology, Subcutaneous, Burkholderia pseudomalleiAbstract
Six horses were challenged experimentally with a strain of Burkholderia pseudomallei isolated from a fatal case of the infection in a dromedary camel years earlier in the Emirate of Dubai. Three horses were inoculated subcutaneously and in 3 the bacterium was administered by the oral route. Four of the horses became serologically positive based on reactions to one or more of the OIE described tests for glanders. B. pseudomallei was re-isolated from the 4 serological positive horses. Only one of the subcutaneously infected horses, developed fever for 3 days. The white blood cell values and the neutrophil counts were also elevated. The study confirmed that existing serological test for diagnosing glanders cannot differentiate between glanders and melioidosis in horses.References
Cowell R.L. & Tyler R.D. 2002. Diagnostic Cytology and Haematology of the Horse. 2nd Ed. Mosby, St Louis, p. 201.
Elschner M.C., Scholz H.C., Melzer F., Saqib M., Marten P., Rassbach A., Dietzsch M., Schmoock G., De Assis Santana V.L., de Souza M.M., Wernery R., Wernery U. & Neubauer H. 2011. Use of a Western blot technique for the serodiagnosis of glanders. BMC Vet Res, 7, 4.
Galimand M. & Dodin A. 1982. Le point sur la mélioidose dans le monde. Bull Soc Path Exot, 75, 375‑383.
Kohler C., Dunachie S.J., Müller E., Kohler A., Jenjaroen K., Teparrukkul P., Baier V., Ehricht R. Steinmetz I. 2016. Rapid and sensitive multiplex detection of Burkholderia pseudomallei ‑ Specific antibodies in melioidosis patients based on a protein microarray approach. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 10(7): e0004847.
Laroucau K., Bertin C., Roche M., Donnet F., Colaneri Falcão M.D., Madani N., Zientara S., Pourquier P., Santana V.L., Saqib M. & Comtet L. 2014. A new ELISA assay for glanders diagnosis. III Pan‑American Congress of Zoonoses, La Plata, 4‑6 June 2014.
Lefèvre P.-C., Blancou J., Chermette R. & Uilenberg G. 2010. Infectious and parasitic diseases of livestock. Paris, Lavoisier, 1189 ‑ 1196.
Limmathurotsakul D., Golding N., Dance D.A.B., Messina J.P., Pigott D.M., Moyes C.L., Rolim D.B., Bertherat E., Day N.P.J., Peacock S.J. & Hay S.I. 2016. Predicted global distribution of Burkholderia pseudomallei and burden of melioidosis. Nat Microbiol, pii: 15008.2015.
Markey B., Leonard F., Archambault M., Cullinane A. & Maguire D. 2013. Clinical Veterinary Microbiology. 2nd Ed. Mosby, Elsevier, 275‑284.
